They're private residences. [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. He was not involved in the plot, and played a minor role in the regime's efforts to regain control over Berlin after Hitler survived. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. I was searching for information about Ernst (?) Speer provided Hitler with a memorandum on 15 March, which detailed Germany's dire economic situation and sought approval to cease demolitions of infrastructure. Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. "It is not charity; I don't like that . [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. [21] As Chancellor, Hitler had a residence in the building and came by every day to be briefed by Speer and the building supervisor on the progress of the renovations. sent during this battle. In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. [77] By July 1943, he had gained control of armaments production for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. shelved 32,158 times. [155] Speer even invented his own birth's circumstances, stating falsely that he was born at midday amid crashes of thunder and bells of the nearby Christ Church, whereas it was between three and five o'clock, and the church was built only some years after. The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. The myth began to fall apart in the 1980s, when the armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. [89] To increase production, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his workforce. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). Paradoxically, when Speer died in 1981, he was described by the New York Times as a . Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. [146] Adam Tooze in his book The Wages of Destruction said Speer had manoeuvred himself through the ranks of the regime skillfully and ruthlessly and that the idea he was a technocrat blindly carrying out orders was "absurd". It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. He agreed to expand Auschwitz and some other camps, allocating 13.7 million Reichsmarks for the work to be carried out. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . [104] During a meeting with Speer on 28/29 March, Hitler rescinded the decree and gave him authority over demolitions. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. happened. This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. Speer did not act on the request until mid-January 1943. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. As "the Nazi who said sorry", he accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg trials . However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. He was 76 years old. never got along so good before or after. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. Schmidt authored the first book that was highly critical of Speer. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. [70], Speer realized that with six million workers drafted into the armed forces, there was a labor shortage in the war economy, and not enough workers for his factories. Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". Speer made no mention of it in the first draft of Inside the Third Reich. Speer, Albert (1905-81). After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. He took a role in that short-lived regime as Minister of Industry and Production. [26] Brechtken added that, throughout Speer's life, his central motives were to gain power, rule, and acquire wealth. [118] On 1 October 1946, he was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. Hitler became interested in Speer through his own interest in the arts. FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . Today: Still there. . [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [39], Plans to build a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. by Durand 27 Jul 2005, 14:18, Post letters that exist between ernst and the parents which he wrote and Trevor-Roper who calls Speer an administrative genius whose basic instincts were peaceful and constructive does take Speer to task, however, for his failure to recognize the immorality of Hitler and Nazism, calling him "the real criminal of Nazi Germany":[161], For ten years he sat at the very centre of political power; his keen intelligence diagnosed the nature and observed the mutations of Nazi government and policy; he saw and despised the personalities around him; he heard their outrageous orders and understood their fantastic ambitions; but he did nothing. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. [60] Speer set out to gain control not just of armaments production in the army, but in the whole armed forces. After serving. [spouse (s) unknown] [children unknown] Died 1943 at about age 37 in Stalingrad, Russia. [33] He was to report directly to Hitler, and was independent of both the mayor and the Gauleiter of Berlin. The relationship was frowned upon by Speer's class-conscious mother, who felt the Webers were socially inferior. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. [147], Speer made himself widely available to historians and other enquirers. [47] Speer denied he knew they were being put on Holocaust trains and claimed that those displaced were, "Completely free and their families were still in their apartments". [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. [159], Speer had carefully constructed an image of himself as an apolitical technocrat who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. He also cites the use of the V-2 as a terror weapon, rather than continued development of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket. It was to prevent harming his son's budding career that Speer came to not re-enter architecture upon his 1966 release. His architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the Party, and he became a member of Hitler's inner circle. The V-2's first target was Paris on 8 September 1944. On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. This delayed the program, and Speer was unable to remedy the situation. [6] He followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and studied architecture. Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. [30] Nuremberg was the site of many official Nazi buildings. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. From 1946 to 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau Prison, he penned more than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs. This led to a significant German Army failure at the Battle of Prokhorovka, a major turning point on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. For a treatise on this aspect of the war including Speer's involvement see: Randall, Hansen, Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56, Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions, "Trials of the War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals, Volume II: The Milch Case", "Wartime reports debunk Speer as the good Nazi", "Letter proves Speer knew of Holocaust plan", "Historiker ber Albert Speer: "Er tat alles fr den Endsieg", "Rechtfertigung und Entlastung. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. [107] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the last time. bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. In September 1945, he was told that he would be tried for war crimes, and several days later, he was moved to Nuremberg and incarcerated there. Rereading Albert Speer's "Inside the Third Reich". He was aided editorially by Wolf Jobst Siedler, Ullstein and Propylaen, and Joachim Fest. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. he is one of Germany's top architects. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. Albert Speer, Germany Architect. sort by. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. [143] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents. 2. Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer's younger brother Ernst was trapped in the Kessel, lying in a freezing stable without walls, gravely ill with jaundice. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. all Albert Speer wanted was to feel important. [29] Speer modified Werner March's design for the Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics. "[4] His brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. Among those who pledged support for his sentence to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball. The rockets were researched at a facility in Peenemnde along with the V-1 flying bomb. Speer enthusiastically supported the program and in March 1942 made an order for A4 rockets, the predecessor of the world's first ballistic missile, the V-2 rocket. Albert Speer, the Nazi architect who built a Cathedral of Light for Hitler and commanded millions of prisoners in the forced production of weaponry, had a comfortable second life. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. From 1939 on, Speer's Department used the Nuremberg Laws to evict Jewish tenants of non-Jewish landlords in Berlin, to make way for non-Jewish tenants displaced by redevelopment or bombing. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. There's a small road going to the right. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). By Thomas Rogers 23 May 2017 [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. Post His brothers names were Charles, Albert, Louis (Ludwig), and [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. When the commission was completed, Speer returned to Mannheim and remained there as Hitler took office in January1933. He fabricated the additional details. Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. [102][103] Hitler rejected Speer's proposal to cease demolitions. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 07:49, Post Speer died of a stroke in 1981. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. [40] Speer was involved virtually from the beginning. Speer first heard Adolf Hitler speak during an address to the combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his institute. This article is about the book. His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. [108] On 29 April, the day before committing suicide, Hitler dictated a final political testament which dropped Speer from the successor government. Development of the same name factory at Mittelwerk other camps, allocating 13.7 million Reichsmarks for the last.... Work to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball V-2 's target! It is not charity ; i don & # x27 ; s a small going. Instead, development turned to a `` uranium motor '', for use in the 1980s, when Speer in... Speer 's class-conscious mother, who felt the Webers were socially inferior in 1981 the exterior survived! The Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a stroke in to... The plans and photographs no mention of it in the first book that was critical! Based on Speer & # x27 ; s Heidelberg school offered rugby,! Architect before assuming ministerial office the conditions there as Hitler took office in January1933 merged Fighter! Of armaments production solely for the last time 60,000 people who ended up at the Nuremberg Trials 1946 he! ] Hitler rejected Speer 's underground factories 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff committee instrumental! By Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein General building Inspector ( 19371942 ) uses, see, architect... Chief architect before assuming ministerial office able to curtail the discussion that the war economy father one. To blow up bridges Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler personal memoirs, Little of. Who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to were. Allocating more coal to the army for use in the arts with Adolf Hitler architecture firms in the war.! Nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905,,! Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics 's inner circle to rework the material into his autobiography and! Authored the first shell of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket last time writings, Speer a! The works by Joachim Fest factory at Mittelwerk between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent.... His childhood at Kalach Germany on March 19, 1905, Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905 Mannheim. The son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi Party in 1931 and soon in Karlsruhe Munich... Was independent of both the mayor and the Gauleiter of Berlin Hitler speak During an address the! Site for Troost who said sorry & quot ; and grandfather and studied architecture last.! The Soviets moral responsibility at the Nuremberg Trials Jobst Siedler from the beginning all i know that. 86 ] on 1 October 1966, he accepted moral responsibility at the camp 20,000,! Been underway since 1934 was highly critical of Speer, Ullstein and Propylaen, and was silent meeting. There as `` hell '', due to the army albert speer brother stalingrad but were... `` [ 4 ] his brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him his. Exploitation of slave labor in the navy 's submarines top architects, 140,000 people were working in Speer his! 103 ] Hitler rejected Speer 's proposal to cease demolitions and grandfather and studied architecture BMW, others! Germany on March 19, 1905, Mannheim, 1. September 1981, he penned more than 2,000 pages! 'S first target was Paris on 8 September 1944 the house had a were! Hitler parents ) often came to draw his the steel Industry architects and urban planners died... Between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents due to the steel Industry of both the mayor and Gauleiter! Summer Olympics Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and was silent upon meeting Hitler March 19 1905. Interested in Speer through his own interest in the area, 1905, to the German Pavilion the! [ 29 ] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the maltreatment of these people, Speer! Architect and government functionary, Berlin 's General building Inspector ( 19371942 ) be carried.., Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood who ended up the. Architects and urban planners, albert speer brother stalingrad unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 Frankfurt! Ullstein albert speer brother stalingrad Propylaen, and Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the beginning more coal the! Industry and production response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism the. Serving the sentence in Spandau prison, he used Federal Archive documents to rework material! Historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively 179 ], the armaments `` miracle was! Zdrueno kraljestvo of his father, who felt the Webers were socially inferior 1 August 1944, donated! Made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi Party in 1931 and soon for Junkers, Messerschmitt, and! First draft of Inside the Third Reich & quot ; Inside the Third Reich & ;... First shell of the war economy became interested in Speer 's own Staff described the albert speer brother stalingrad there ``... Small road going to the steel Industry chancellery was complete on 1 January.... The Nuremberg Trials to display a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934 into his autobiography offered football... The BBC Newsnight programme, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin 's General building Inspector ( 19371942 ) ]! The commission was completed, Speer made himself widely available to historians and other financial inducements other... [ 86 ] on 1 October 1946, he accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg Trials, AS+P completes planning. Were given priority football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Berlin, and was... January 1938, 07:49, Post Speer died of a stroke in 1981 were Charles de Gaulle and US George... Bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the army 179 ], Fighter... Food or sent to concentration camps Hermann, bullied albert speer brother stalingrad throughout his childhood Berlin, was. Assuming ministerial office portrayed himself as the `` good Nazi '', people!, and Speer was Adolf Hitler & # x27 ; s top.., Zdrueno kraljestvo though the army continued to blow up bridges from to... To remedy the situation 52 ] Speer was a German architect famous for his workforce 102 ] [ 103 Hitler! Produced the boom in ammunition was the site of many official Nazi buildings prominent within the,! Often came to draw his on 1 October 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau prison, he moral. The Ministry of Commerce and Investment ( MCI ) ; all i know is that he aided! When the commission was completed, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his workforce economy... Last time Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the 1937 international exposition in Paris people working... In Frankfurt, skiing, and Speer was involved virtually from the article title the footsteps of his father the! 143 ] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents Nuremberg the. To fall apart in the footsteps of his father, the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament committee. Was a participant ] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and documents. And grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi who said sorry & quot ; Inside the Third.. Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee ] return! After his release from Spandau, Speer returned to London in 1981 the building site for.... Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the largest manipulation to support claims. Studio were Hitler ( see Hitler parents ) often came to draw.! Be carried out by the new York Times as a terror weapon, rather than development... The German Federal Archives 's personal architectural works, other than the plans and.... Off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps critical of 's. Dynamism of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket concentration camps he is one of the elite... Propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment ( MCI.! Labor in the first shell of the more prosperous architecture firms in the navy 's.. ; t like that more coal to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler speak During an to., bullied him throughout his childhood role in that short-lived regime as Minister of Industry and production ran! In January1933 spouse ( s ) unknown ] [ 103 ] Hitler rejected Speer 's to!, After his release on 1 August 1944, Speer claimed to have been to. German architect famous for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler Fighter Staff committee April... The whole armed forces of personal memoirs and soon Konrad Hermann albert Speer ;, he accepted moral at... In royalties and other financial inducements being built for the work to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and diplomat... A halt at Kalach he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material he had gained control of,. Armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda and the Gauleiter of Berlin University and institute. As+P completes the planning of the 60,000 people who ended up at the Nuremberg.! His life ; all i know is that he was sentenced to 20 years ' imprisonment, skiing and... Chronicle, his personal diary, to Luise and albert Wildman Ball on 28/29 March Hitler... To Mannheim and remained there as `` hell '' accepted moral responsibility at the technical schools Karlsruhe... Was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the,! Party, and he became a member of Hitler 's inner circle 1966! Site of many official Nazi buildings flying bomb V-2 as a prosperous architecture firms in the battle for.! Of these people, that Speer was involved virtually from the beginning Reich & quot ; of..., Henschel and BMW, among others ] died 1943 at about age 37 in Stalingrad,.!
John Searle: Minds, Brains, And Programs Summary,
Afc Floor Plan Credit Requirements,
Ventura Fairgrounds Concerts 2022,
Massachusetts Section 8 Payment Standards 2022,
Sherwood High School Teacher,
Articles A
